Economies of scale, scope, and externality effects play a vital role in making products better and cheaper simultaneously with the growth of the customer base. Due to the zero cost of copying software and exponential growth of perceived value in network-centric service delivery, often there is no limit of being better and cheaper by being bigger. This effect is known as the natural tendency of monopoly.
In the past, only the telecommunication industry had this characteristic. But due to the growing role of software and connectivity, an increasing number of products, and also industries, are experiencing this effect.
Due to it, Microsoft and Apple have emerged as monopolies. Tesla has been trying to replicate it in the global automobile industry, by increasing the role of software in automobile innovations.
